advent-2022-rust/src/days/day22/mod.rs

use super::template::{DayTrait, ResultType};
use crate::common::{
    direction::Direction,
    parser::{eol_terminated, extract_result, ignore, usize},
    pos::Pos2D,
};
use nom::{
    branch::alt,
    character::complete::{char, multispace0},
    combinator::value,
    error::Error,
    multi::many1,
    Err, IResult, Parser,
};
use std::str::FromStr;
use thiserror::Error;

const DAY_NUMBER: usize = 22;

pub struct Day;

impl DayTrait for Day {
    fn get_day_number(&self) -> usize {
        DAY_NUMBER
    }

    fn part1(&self, lines: &str) -> anyhow::Result<ResultType> {
        let (world_map, instructions) = Day::parse(lines)?;
        let world = WrappingWorld::new(world_map);
        let walker = Walker::walk_all(&world, instructions)?;
        Ok(ResultType::Integer(walker.value()))
    }

    fn part2(&self, lines: &str) -> anyhow::Result<ResultType> {
        let (world_map, instructions) = Day::parse(lines)?;
        let world = CubeWorld::new(world_map);
        let walker = Walker::walk_all(&world, instructions)?;
        Ok(ResultType::Integer(walker.value()))
    }
}

impl Day {
    fn parse(input: &str) -> Result<(WorldMap, Vec<Instruction>), WorldError> {
        let (input, world) = WorldMap::parse(input)?;
        let input = ignore(multispace0)(input)?;
        let instructions = extract_result(Instruction::parse)(input)?;
        Ok((world, instructions))
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Error)]
enum WorldError {
    #[error("Not a valid description: {0}")]
    ParsingError(String),
    #[error("No Starting Point found")]
    NoStartingPoint,
}

impl From<Err<Error<&str>>> for WorldError {
    fn from(error: Err<Error<&str>>) -> Self {
        WorldError::ParsingError(error.to_string())
    }
}

struct WorldMap {
    tiles: Vec<Vec<Option<bool>>>,
}

impl FromStr for WorldMap {
    type Err = WorldError;

    fn from_str(input: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
        Ok(extract_result(WorldMap::parse)(input)?)
    }
}

impl WorldMap {
    pub fn new(tiles: Vec<Vec<Option<bool>>>) -> Self {
        Self { tiles }
    }

    fn parse(input: &str) -> IResult<&str, WorldMap> {
        let tile = alt((
            value(Some(false), char('#')),
            value(Some(true), char('.')),
            value(None, char(' ')),
        ));
        let line = eol_terminated(many1(tile));
        let mut lines = many1(line).map(|tiles| WorldMap::new(tiles));
        lines.parse(input)
    }

    fn get_first(&self, pos: Pos2D<usize>, facing: Direction) -> Option<Pos2D<usize>> {
        match facing {
            Direction::East => self.tiles.get(pos.y()).and_then(|row| {
                row.iter()
                    .position(|t| t.is_some())
                    .map(|x| Pos2D::new(x, pos.y()))
            }),
            Direction::West => self.tiles.get(pos.y()).and_then(|row| {
                row.iter()
                    .rposition(|t| t.is_some())
                    .map(|x| Pos2D::new(x, pos.y()))
            }),
            Direction::South => self
                .tiles
                .iter()
                .position(|row| pos.x() < row.len() && row[pos.x()].is_some())
                .map(|y| Pos2D::new(pos.x(), y)),
            Direction::North => self
                .tiles
                .iter()
                .rposition(|row| pos.x() < row.len() && row[pos.x()].is_some())
                .map(|y| Pos2D::new(pos.x(), y)),
        }
    }

    fn get_tile(&self, pos: Pos2D<usize>) -> Option<bool> {
        self.tiles
            .get(pos.y())
            .and_then(|row| row.get(pos.x()))
            .copied()
            .flatten()
    }
}

trait World {
    fn get_map(&self) -> &WorldMap;

    fn wrap(&self, pos: Pos2D<usize>, facing: Direction) -> Option<(Pos2D<usize>, Direction)>;

    fn get_start(&self, pos: Pos2D<usize>, facing: Direction) -> Option<Pos2D<usize>> {
        self.get_map().get_first(pos, facing)
    }

    fn step(&self, pos: Pos2D<usize>, facing: Direction) -> Option<(Pos2D<usize>, Direction)> {
        let Some(pos) = pos.check_add(facing) else {
            return self.wrap(pos, facing);
        };

        match self.get_map().get_tile(pos) {
            Some(true) => Some((pos, facing)),
            Some(false) => None,
            None => self.wrap(pos, facing),
        }
    }
}

struct WrappingWorld {
    map: WorldMap,
}
impl WrappingWorld {
    fn new(world_map: WorldMap) -> Self {
        WrappingWorld { map: world_map }
    }
}

impl World for WrappingWorld {
    fn get_map(&self) -> &WorldMap {
        &self.map
    }

    fn wrap(&self, pos: Pos2D<usize>, facing: Direction) -> Option<(Pos2D<usize>, Direction)> {
        if let Some(pos) = self.map.get_first(pos, facing) {
            match self.map.get_tile(pos) {
                Some(true) => Some((pos, facing)),
                Some(false) => None,
                None => unreachable!(),
            }
        } else {
            unreachable!();
        }
    }
}

struct CubeWorld {
    map: WorldMap,
}
impl CubeWorld {
    fn new(world_map: WorldMap) -> Self {
        CubeWorld { map: world_map }
    }
}

impl World for CubeWorld {
    fn get_map(&self) -> &WorldMap {
        &self.map
    }

    fn wrap(&self, pos: Pos2D<usize>, facing: Direction) -> Option<(Pos2D<usize>, Direction)> {
        if let Some(pos) = self.map.get_first(pos, facing) {
            match self.map.get_tile(pos) {
                Some(true) => Some((pos, facing)),
                Some(false) => None,
                None => unreachable!(),
            }
        } else {
            unreachable!();
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
enum Instruction {
    Walk(usize),
    Right,
    Left,
}

impl Instruction {
    fn parse(input: &str) -> IResult<&str, Vec<Instruction>> {
        many1(alt((
            usize.map(|v| Instruction::Walk(v)),
            value(Instruction::Right, char('R')),
            value(Instruction::Left, char('L')),
        )))
        .parse(input)
    }
}

struct Walker {
    pos: Pos2D<usize>,
    facing: Direction,
}

impl Walker {
    fn new<W: World>(world: &W) -> Result<Self, WorldError> {
        let facing = Direction::East;
        if let Some(pos) = world.get_start(Pos2D::new(0, 0), facing) {
            Ok(Walker { pos, facing })
        } else {
            Err(WorldError::NoStartingPoint)
        }
    }

    fn value(&self) -> i64 {
        (self.pos.y() + 1) as i64 * 1000
            + (self.pos.x() + 1) as i64 * 4
            + Walker::face_value(self.facing)
    }

    fn face_value(facing: Direction) -> i64 {
        match facing {
            Direction::East => 0,
            Direction::North => 3,
            Direction::West => 2,
            Direction::South => 1,
        }
    }

    fn act<W: World>(mut self, world: &W, instruction: Instruction) -> Self {
        match instruction {
            Instruction::Right => self.facing = self.facing.turn_right(),
            Instruction::Left => self.facing = self.facing.turn_left(),
            Instruction::Walk(steps) => {
                for _ in 0..steps {
                    let Some((next_pos, next_facing)) = world.step(self.pos, self.facing) else {
                        break;
                    };
                    self.pos = next_pos;
                    self.facing = next_facing;
                }
            }
        }
        self
    }

    pub fn walk_all<W: World>(
        world: &W,
        instructions: Vec<Instruction>,
    ) -> Result<Self, WorldError> {
        let mut walker = Walker::new(world)?;

        for instruction in instructions {
            walker = walker.act(world, instruction);
        }
        Ok(walker)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use super::*;
    use crate::common::file::read_string;
    use anyhow::Result;

    #[test]
    fn test_part1() -> Result<()> {
        let day = Day {};
        let lines = read_string(day.get_day_number(), "example01.txt")?;
        let expected = ResultType::Integer(6032);
        let result = day.part1(&lines)?;
        assert_eq!(result, expected);

        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_part2() -> Result<()> {
        let day = Day {};
        let lines = read_string(day.get_day_number(), "example01.txt")?;
        let expected = ResultType::Nothing;
        let result = day.part2(&lines)?;
        assert_eq!(result, expected);

        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn parse() -> Result<()> {
        let day = Day {};
        let lines = read_string(day.get_day_number(), "example01.txt")?;
        let (world, instructions) = Day::parse(&lines)?;

        assert_eq!(world.tiles.len(), 12);
        assert_eq!(instructions.len(), 13);

        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn walk() -> Result<()> {
        let day = Day {};
        let lines = read_string(day.get_day_number(), "example01.txt")?;
        let (world_map, _) = Day::parse(&lines)?;

        let world = WrappingWorld::new(world_map);

        let mut walker = Walker::new(&world)?;
        assert_eq!(walker.pos, Pos2D::new(8, 0));

        walker = walker.act(&world, Instruction::Walk(10));
        assert_eq!(walker.pos, Pos2D::new(10, 0));

        walker = walker.act(&world, Instruction::Left);

        walker = walker.act(&world, Instruction::Walk(2));
        assert_eq!(walker.pos, Pos2D::new(10, 10));

        Ok(())
    }

    #[test]
    fn walk_all() -> Result<()> {
        let day = Day {};
        let lines = read_string(day.get_day_number(), "example01.txt")?;
        let (world_map, instructions) = Day::parse(&lines)?;
        let world = WrappingWorld::new(world_map);

        let walker = Walker::walk_all(&world, instructions)?;
        assert_eq!(walker.pos, Pos2D::new(7, 5));
        assert_eq!(walker.facing, Direction::East);
        assert_eq!(walker.value(), 6032);

        Ok(())
    }
}